Insect Environment, 8(3):112. Old trees are more resistant to cold than young trees and the tree grows well and flowers in cooler areas, but fruit will not set or develop. It is also a refrigerant, and used to reduce fevers. Tamarind can grow in a wide diversity of soil types, such as deep alluvial, sandy, rocky and oolitic limestone. Commonly used as a bonsai species in many Asian countries, it is also grown as an indoor bonsai in temperate parts of the world. Progress is slow, but proves that containment of the tamarisk is possible in the long term.[32]. Image from: Science News. [14], The fruit is harvested by pulling the pod from its stalk. Cloudflare Ray ID: 5f8669519a2f0380 Verheij EWM, Coronel RE(Editors), 1991. They are also fed to certain species of silkworm in India and West Africa. Tamarind pulp is a key ingredient in flavoring curries and rice in south Indian cuisine, in the Chigali lollipop, and in certain varieties of Masala Chai tea. [9] Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is sometimes confused with "Manila tamarind" (Pithecellobium dulce). Control of powdery mildew disease of tamarind seedlings. Tamarind's tender young leaves are used in Indian cuisine. In the Old Testament, Saul's bones are buried under a tamarisk tree in Jabesh. Scientific names are name used by scientists, especially the taxonomic name of an organisms that consist of the genus and species. Ideally soils should be slightly acid. A previous study reported that the seed, leaf, leaf veins, fruit pulp and skin extracts of tamarind possessed high phenolic content and antioxidant activities. In Arabia, it is found growing wild in Oman, especially Dhofar, where it grows on the sea-facing slopes of mountains. Experimental evaluation of visible symptoms and SO2 sorption., Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 40(3-4):307-316, Gebauer, J., El-Siddig, K., Salih, A. Confectionery and condiments are also made from the seeds. Such trees will usually fruit within three to four years if provided optimum growing conditions.[14]. It can be straight, irregularly curved or sometimes curved in a horseshoe shape. [24][25] In the Philippines, the whole fruit is used as an ingredient in the traditional dish called sinigang to add a unique sour taste, unlike that of dishes that use vinegar instead. Tamarind is a long-lived, slow-growing and highly wind-resistant deciduous tree that can reach 20-30 m height with a canopy spread of 8-14 m in diameter. Indian Horticulture, 38(4):15. Its use for the relief of constipation has been documented throughout the world. This is said to have inspired Linnaeus in the 18th century to name the tree Tamarindus indica. The hard green pulp of a young fruit is considered by many to be too sour, but is often used as a component of savory dishes, as a pickling agent or as a means of making certain poisonous yams in Ghana safe for human consumption. Stigma receptivity is at its maximum on the day of flower opening. As the plants age, the bark becomes bluish-purple, ridged and furrowed. The tamarind tree produces brown, pod-like fruits that contain a sweet, tangy pulp, which is used in cuisines around the world. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The peak of anthesis takes place at 06:00 h the next day, with peak anther dehiscence at 10:30 h. Flowers usually develop in the spring or summer, with synchronous leaf growth. Common name is the name used by local people. [26] Isolation of the kernel without the thin but tough shell (or testa) is difficult. They are as follows: Knowing the scientific name of Tamarind tree and Royal Poinciana also its common name in Spanish as well as in other languages is an interesting fact. It develops over time, according to use, look and lore. Biology of tamarind beetle Caryedon serratus (Olivier) on groundnut and other hosts. However, the most accepted theory is that tamarind is from Central and East Africa, including Madagascar. The leaflets are bright green, elliptic-ovular, pinnately veined, and less than 5 cm (2 in) in length. The skin is cinnamon to greyish-brown and scaly, and normally has constrictions between the seeds. Performance & security by Cloudflare, Please complete the security check to access. The second subgroup contains the deciduous tamarisks, which are small, shrubby trees, commonly known as "saltcedars". The name tamarind is derived from the Arabic tamar-u‘l-Hind because of the resemblance of the fruit pulp to dried dates. The tamarinds of Asia have longer pods (containing six to 12 seeds), whereas African and West Indian varieties have shorter pods (containing one to six seeds). The following pages compose an index to some of your favorite specimens, grouped by scientific name, in alphabetical sections. A handy guide on insect pests of tamarind and their control. The pulp is also used as an astringent on skin infections. Leaves and flowers are good mordants in dyeing. Image from: Wild Kratts. Halle DN, Awaknavar JS, Somashekhar, 2002. No other native North American plants have been found to be eaten by the introduced tamarisk beetle. At night, the leaflets close up. Mean maximum temperature of hottest month (ºC), Mean minimum temperature of coldest month (ºC), number of consecutive months with <40 mm rainfall. While in the same taxonomic family Fabaceae, Manila tamarind is a different plant native to Mexico and known locally as guamúchili. Tamarind seed oil is the oil made from the kernel of tamarind seeds. Tamarind, Tamarindus indica:188 pp, Farooq, M., Saxena, R. P., Beg, M. U., 1988. For the South American monkey, see, "Here's what you can cook with tender tamarind leaves", "Tamarind is the 'sour secret of Syrian cooking'", "Georgian Chicken in Pomegranate and Tamarind Sauce", "Asam or Tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica) on the Shores of Singapore", "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations", "Effects of dietary tamarind on cholesterol metabolism in laying hens", "Polyphenols from the extract and fraction of, "Investigation into the effects of antioxidant-rich extract of, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tamarind&oldid=987212112, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW with an wstitle parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, SEA Hand Book-2009: Published by The Solvent Extractors' Association of India, This page was last edited on 5 November 2020, at 16:58.

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